In what way do geomorphologists contribute to understanding natural hazards?

Geomorphologists study the processes that shape the Earth's surface, including the formation and transformation of landforms due to natural forces like rivers, glaciers, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Their analysis of landform changes is crucial in understanding how these geological and environmental processes can lead to natural hazards. For instance, they can identify areas prone to flooding or landslides by examining how landforms have changed over time, such as through erosion or sediment deposition. This knowledge aids in assessing risks and forming early warnings about potential disasters, making their contributions essential for disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies.

The other options do not directly relate to the specific expertise of geomorphologists in the context of natural hazards. Monitoring species extinction levels is more aligned with biologists and ecologists. Designing urban infrastructure falls under urban planners and civil engineers, while predicting weather patterns is typically the domain of meteorologists. Each of these disciplines is important, but they do not focus specifically on the geomorphological aspects relevant to understanding natural hazards.