What term describes the process where material eroded by a river is transported away?

The correct term for the process where material eroded by a river is transported away is River Transportation. This process involves the movement of sediments, rocks, and other materials that have been loosened and picked up by the river’s flow.

In a river system, once the materials are eroded from the riverbank or riverbed through various forms of erosion, such as hydraulic action, abrasion, or corrosion, they don’t just remain stagnant; instead, they are carried downstream. This transportation can occur through several mechanisms, including suspension (small particles carried within the water), saltation (larger particles that bounce along the riverbed), and traction (the rolling of heavier stones along the bottom).

Understanding River Transportation is crucial because it is a significant part of the river's sediment budget, influencing not only the river itself but also the landscapes and ecosystems along its course. It plays a vital role in shaping river valleys and contributing to sediment deposits in deltas and floodplains.